Biography of Maximilien de Robespierre Essay - 660 Words

Maximilien de Robespierre Maximilien de Robespierre was born March 6, 1758 in Arras, France. de Robespierre became one of the most influential French figures of his time. He was a lawyer of the bourgeois class but represented the urban workers of his time and even became a spokesperson for them. After becoming a lawyer in 1781 he was elected to the Estates General in 1789 by Artois and represented the poorest estate, the third estate. Maximilien studied philosophy and was an admirer of the Roman Republic and classical thinkers such as, Cicero and Cato. As a young man he studied the writings of the philosophers, John Jacques Rousseau. He was interested in the concept of the â€Å"Virtuous self† which describes a man guided only by his own†¦show more content†¦With the backing of the people, Robespierre led the Jacobins in declaring the creation of a revolutionary tribunal which seized control of the government and the military, causing the opposition to flee. Robespierre led a convention, which deposed King Louis the XVI and created a government which sought to impose the will of the commoner over the rule of the nobility as a leader in the New French Republic, Robespierre denounced the deposed King, subjected the King to a public trial and in the end argued for the execution of Louis and his family. Under his leadership the new French Republican assembly narrowly voted to convict Louis and sentenced him to death. The King was executed within two days. After the death of the King the revolutionary factions began to fight amongst themselves for power. Robespierre was made a leader of the committee of public safety. During this time the revolutionists gained control of France’s internal police authorities and used this power to institute what later became known as â€Å"The Reign of Terror†. The reign was so named because those who opposed, where thought to be enemies of, or threats to the revolution were denounced, tired and executed. The reign of terror was responsible for hundreds and thousands of deaths, it reached its peak in 1794 when Robespierre publically attacked and attempted to have his rivalsShow MoreRelatedNapoleon Bonaparte As A Multi Faceted Genius1094 Words   |  5 Pageshave always been able to conquer different lands. But of these men â€Å"The Little Corporal also known as Napoleon Bonaparte was able to cast a long shadow, from Holland to Egypt, from Moscow to Cadiz. The code Napoleon still remains with us, as the Arc de Triomphe and the memory of a multi-faceted genius. Throughout the history Europe, kings and dictators have been infamous for their voracious desire for control and complete supremacy; the lure of absolute supremacy and total allegiance was too temptingRead MoreThe Worst Royals Were Born1337 Words   |  6 Pages On August 23, 1754, King Louis Auguste de France was born in the Palace of Versailles. He was the third son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. At a young age, Louis was forced to take on responsibility. As a shy child, this was not the best decision for his guardians to make. Louis parents paid very little attention to him, and instead to his older brother, soon to be king, Louis Duc de Bourgogne. ( Louis XVI Biography) In the 60’s of the 18th century, Louis’Read MoreSimilarities and Differences Between English Bill of Rights and the Declaration Rights of Man and Citizen1900 Words   |  8 Pagesto Paris; King Louis was forced to sign law after law. (Day) They had to find a way to get out and they disguised themselves as peasants and fled where later they were caught by revolution guards, while the king was just miles away from Austria. Robespierre was later crowned king, the country scared that the Austrians will send an army to coun ter the revolution. The Austrians came and joined with Prussia threatened to destroy French if anything happen to the royal family. (French Revolution Wars) The

The Great Depression A Time Of Dramatic Change - 1233 Words

The Great Depression is one of the most iconic time periods in United States and World history. The images of famished farmers in the country and unemployment lines in the cities are thoroughly taught. Decades later these memories teach Americans how far an economy can fall and what Americans can accomplish when faced with adversity. However, the reasons for The Great Depression are not as thoroughly taught, as historians and economists still fiercely debate them to this day. Having said that, there are conclusions that can be drawn from events that preceded The Great Depression, obviously. Studying the electric decade that preceded the Depression, the appropriately named â€Å"Roaring 20’s†, gives us a look into the factors, in addition to the†¦show more content†¦Many people bought expensive luxury items using money they did not have†  Carroll, Sarah. Causes of the Great Depression. Causes of the Great Depression. Accessed April 28, 2015. http://econc10.bu.edu/Ec341_money/Papers/Carroll_paper.htm. . Debt began to pile up for those not worried about paying it back, as they were just enjoying the changing culture and the new toys they now have to play with. In addition to city folk using money they did not have to buy new toys, farmers out in the countryside also too kindly to the new technology and credit. As the demand to feed soldiers during World War 1 and the booming population grew, plans to increase food production were made. As a result, efforts to develop new technology to aid farmers were executed. In 1923, the Harvester Farmall tractor became the first all-purpose tractor, replacing animals with machines.  Janick, Jules. Agricultural Scientific Revolution: Mechanical. Hort.purdue.edu. Accessed April 28, 2015. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/hort_306/text/lec32.pdf. As their fellow Americans did with radios and automobiles, farmers paid with credit. However, that is not the only consequence of the new farming technology. Land that was previously used to house animals was now being used for food production, and food production skyrocketed with the more efficient machines. As a result, the cost of food plummeted around the country. With the cost of goods free falling, farmers were unable to make back the money

Observing Non-Verbal Communication Free Essays

Non-verbal communication is the process of communicating that is characterized by the absence of words but rather communicating, sending and receiving messages via bodily language, styles, and symbols. I tried to observe this type of communication in the park with a particular male and female as a target subjects. A young man, possibly 20 yrs of age and a woman, more or less of the same age group, were ‘conversing’ in the park at 5 PM in the afternoon. We will write a custom essay sample on Observing Non-Verbal Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now I use the term ‘conversation’ loosely here. Using the concept of proxemics, parks would be classified under the group, public territory, but I note that, generally speaking, such places would have no control on the behavior of the people; people there would exceed territorial rights with regards to their behavior. Without thoughtful analysis, the first idea that had entered my head was that the man and the woman were in a relation but apparently I cannot make a concluding statement about this. Physical appearances suggest informal relations as suggested by their casual appearances. Both were wearing pants with the female wearing a pink tank top and the male wearing a faded statement shirt. There is a high possibility that their meeting was not business or work associated. I disregarded Monochromatic time schedule in favor of Poly-chronic time schedule since the subjects conversation and appearances were evidently personal. Kinesic communication of the subjects— facial expressions, body movements, gestures, and posture ­Ã¢â‚¬â€reveal one important thing; the subject’s conversation was neither intimate but rather harried, constrained and angry. There was an obvious lack of touch between the two which would denote ‘friendship’ or ‘love’. The woman was gesticulating her hands wildly, and at some point in time, she was waving her right hand at the right empty space indicating that she was ‘emphasizing’ something to the man. Her shoulders were not slumped but rather posed upwards indicating a highly constrained emotion. Her feet was braced apart and she walking around wildly. Her face was clearly angry; her brows were drawn together in a frown and most probably her nostrils were growing bigger or flaring up, with her irises dilating indicating, a high emotional state. The sides of her mouth were slanted downwards as she was talking clearly indicating a negative emotion. Her curly hair was moving with the movement of her mouth. Blood was rushing to her face which makes her face really look red indeed. When the male was talking, she was ‘rolling her eyes’, indicating mockery and disbelief to what the person was saying. She was intentionally trying or trying to appear like she was not listening to the other person was saying when she was looking away at the other direction. The male subject was equally angry. His stance, shoulders upwards were poised for a fight but he was defensive as indicated by the arms that were crossed high on his chest. When he was not talking, his lips were drawn in tight line and he was highly attentive what the female was saying because ‘he did not remove his eyes from her’. His eyes were in slits, indicating anger and at some point, he was also gesticulating his hands indicating that he was forcefully explaining something to the female. I observed that proxemics for the park as a space was clearly loosely defined as to the public territorial usage; the subjects were clearly using the space for ‘personal’ purposes. Movement and body position of my subjects hinges towards negative emotional responses, ost specially that of charged anger. The subjects exhibited negative attitudes, and mostly involuntary non-verbal communication. All messages transmitted between the two were conscous and deliberate and not subliminal; their conversation was intended to say something and both were equally aware of it. Bibliography Argyle, M. (1988). Bodily Communication. Madison: International UP. How to cite Observing Non-Verbal Communication, Essay examples

Egyptian Slave Life free essay sample

Do you know the life of a slave? You just probably don’t know about ancient slaves. You don’t know my story. They way I and many others were treated. The physical and mental pain that I took. The Egyptian slave life is one of the most brutal lives that even some of the strongest men can’t handle. My name is Tony and this is my story. It all started back on May 14th, 1432 BC, Alexander, my brother, and I was walking to the city of Akhenaten. Alexander and I were both doctors. The pharaoh’s wife was sick and required immediate medical attention. Once we arrived to Akhenaten, we were rushed to the wife. She had been bitten by a very deadly scorpion. We tried everything we could, but it was too late. The pharaoh was not pleased and he struck at Alexander. Alexander’s instincts took over and he struck back. We will write a custom essay sample on Egyptian Slave Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I couldn’t believe it, the pharaoh told me to take my brother out, but I couldn’t. I didn’t know what to do so I ran. I didn’t get very far; I was caught by one of the pharaoh’s soldiers. The date is May 16th; it was the day that my brother was getting hung. Everyone knew that the assault of the pharaoh was automatic death, and unfortunately Alexander had to be an example. I also had consequences, because I didn’t obey the pharaoh. I had to become a slave. May 17th, the soldiers came to get me. I was taken to a field and I looked around; I saw people carrying stones, people getting whipped and even people dying of dehydration. I was forced to strip naked and go work immediately. My job was to carry the large and heavy stones from one location to another. I was doing well, but without water it was not possible. My knee started to shake and I fell. The soldier took out his whip and struck me across the back. The pain was worse than anything that I could imagine. I worked until the sun was down. As months pass by, I don’t regret for not helping the pharaoh. I know what I did was right. Today was a little special, because I met an old friend, Garmon. Slaves were not allowed to talk, just work. When it was time for rest, we talked, and I asked him how you became a slave. He replied I stole from the pharaoh. The next day we were back in the field. Garmon and I were walking together, when he suddenly collapsed. I knew if I stopped I would get in more trouble, but I had to stop. The soldiers told me to leave, but I didn’t listen. As a consequence I was held down and whipped. Every hit felt like spit in the face, because I just tried to help a friend. I later found out that he died of dehydration. I have now been a slave for 6 months. I have been thinking how my life has changed. I was a successful doctor and I went all the way down on the list to a slave. For the past month I have been stacking the stone. It was a much easier job, but still quite difficult. As I would later find out today would be the day my prayers would be answered. I was taken to the pharaoh and he said, â€Å"Tony you have worked for a while now and I now think that you have learned what you did wrong. My punishments might be cruel, but you lived. This tells me you are strong and I want you to work for me. I want you to be by my side as my own personal doctor and protect my family and me. † â€Å"I would be honored pharaoh,† I replied. Now that you know my story, you understand me more. My life as a slave was cruel and brutal. The work that I did was only for the strong in both mind and body. The slave life is no easy life. You have to work constantly and you can’t help your friends. The only sleep you get is when you are done working. There was very little water and lots of thirsty slaves, which results in lots of death. Being a slave is the worst punishment any living man can get.

Topic 1 Periodic sentences, loose sentences, balanced sentences, and parallelism. Flashcard

Topic 1: Periodic sentences, loose sentences, balanced sentences, and parallelism.

Analysis the dramatic importance of the ending of Act one View from the Bridge Essays

Analysis the dramatic importance of the ending of Act one View from the Bridge Essays Analysis the dramatic importance of the ending of Act one View from the Bridge Paper Analysis the dramatic importance of the ending of Act one View from the Bridge Paper In this essay, I will discuss how Arthur miller ends act one in such a dramatic way. The end of act one is a turning point of Arthur Millers play A View from the Bridge. I think this is because Marco finally finds out what Eddie is intending to do. The scene also builds up the feelings between Rodolpho and Catherine and shows us how much Eddie despises Rodolpho. This scene is the most clearest and one of the most important scenes this is because it tells us how Eddie feels about Rodolpho, when he observes between Catherine and Rodolpho. In this scene, Catherine finally realises that she has to stand up to Eddie, the man who brought her up. There is a small argument about oranges and lemons and Eddie says how they paint oranges so they look orange. Rodolpho tries to get his point across which concerns lemons. E know his by Eddie saying I heard that they paint the oranges to make them look orange. Eddie squashes Rodolpho considerably. At this point Beatrice creates peace and asks Marco about his family. Eddie has had enough of listening to this; states that some women are unfaithful while their husbands are off earning money. Surprisingly for Eddie, Rodolpho says that life is strict in Italy and Eddie rises to the occasion. Eddie retaliates with the comment that it is also strict here and he does not like Rodolpho bringing Catherine back so late. Referring to Rodolpho he says to Marco Well, Marco, till he came here she was never out on the street twelve oclock at night. Marco gives in to Eddies power, trying to create peace between the two by saying You come home early now, Rodolpho. There is now an air of tension and suppressed rivalry in the room. Catherine at this point is sick and tired of the person she loves being denounced in such a way. She then challenges Eddies authority in asking Rodolpho to dance. Eddie simply freezes. This instantly has a huge shock on the audience. Marco the says that Rodolpho is a good cook by saying When Rodolpho comes along; everybody gets fat. Eddie the highlights Rodolphos feminine side by saying He cooks too! [Looking at Rodolpho] He sings, he cooks. Catherine, undermining Eddies comment then says They get some pay them guys. Eddie then takes his frustration out on his newspaper, and starts to twist it, Imagining that he is twisting and ripping Rodolpho. We know this from the stage directions He has been unconsciously twisting his newspaper into a tight roll. Eddie then carries on attacking Rodolpho by asking him to box. In this way, Eddie was putting Rodolpho to a strength test. Eddie was wondering if Rodolpho was actually going to hit him. At first he teaches Rodolpho how to block and punch. Catherine then comes in and thinks its a real fight. During the fighting Eddie tells Rodolpho that he is going to punch him, he then fakes a left and jabs with the right. At this stage Marco was quiet throughout the whole boxing scene and when it was finished, Catherine and Rodolpho started dancing gain. This is probably because Catherine also likes Rodolpho as well as her trying to shut her dad up. Marco then challenged Eddie to his own kind of test. When Eddie fails to pick the chair up by one leg, Marco does it exposing his full strength. Although this action wad done without any words, Eddie had gone too far and Marco was protecting his baby brother. Marco, who was normally a quiet, self-contained and polite figure, was now questioning Eddies authority because Eddie has violated him. The audience know this from the stage directions Marco rises. Although the stage directions tell us two words, it shows us a lot about Marcos reaction. The scene is set in Eddie and Beatrices living room in their apartment. This is an excellent set for the scene due to the living room being a reasonable size for the boxing scene. This is because it is about the same size as a boxing ring, and with all those people in the room it becomes a cramped society, which has a poor frustrating feeling. Another reason why this is an superb set, is because the section where Eddie hits Rodolpho, hes saying that it is his house, and he has the power and not Marco or Rodolpho. Also if they were on the street Catherine would not have been.

Managing the National Health Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Managing the National Health Service - Essay Example This paper approves that the company saw an immediate turnaround as employees started being more productive and the same evaluations were carried out throughout the company where they could be applied. The company discovered that it could restructure a few departments which led them to greater efficiency and it led them closer to their mission. It is perfectly understandable that removing people from service and more or less eradicating a whole layer of middle management can be an important issue for the NHS. As described by Proctor, such changes can have a negative effect on the knowledge contained within the company and can also harm workforce structures in connection with the skills that some of the employees have. Additionally, it must be noted layoffs and removing redundancies can be a part of the restructuring experience but it can also lead companies and their employees to have issues concerning work overload, high stress levels, loss of company vision/values, poor decision ma king and even corporate in fighting. This essay makes a conclusion that Britain prides itself to be one of the few real welfare states left in the western world and that pride owes a lot to the services provided by the NHS. However, the NHS has a lot of issues it needs to correct since the calls for privatisation of this institute as well as other changes to be brought to the structure of the organisations have been made. As far as it can be seen, the NHS has two options, it can either change itself to be in line with the changes that have come to society or it can be forced to change through government regulations and the demands of the people.

Organizational Behavior and Communication Essay

Organizational Behavior and Communication - Essay Example Some of the popular applications are; Google Maps which is an application to view maps of towns and cities along with satellite view, Google Chrome is a web browser produced by Google, Google Finance provides customized information regarding the stock prices and financial facts and figures of the companies, Google Translate is an application that can translate so many languages inter se along with the feature of translating whole web pages. Such additional services have made Google one of the biggest companies with most innovative web applications. The success of the organization can be traced to its organizational culture and values. The mission of the company is to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful (Google, 2011). The philosophy of the company is clearly apparent from the mission statement of the company which is to provide right information to the people who seek for it. This mission and philosophy has driven the company to be in novative in designing its strategies, therefore the company has become a dynamic organization which keeps changing and expanding. This continuous change and innovation is keeping Google in the spotlight among the users. Innovation is apparent from every aspect of the organization. From the layout of the workplace to the organizational structure, everything represents innovation. Employees are free to communicate to anyone at any level of the organization because it is the belief of the organization that each employee is an important contributor to the success of the organization. Employees are provided an environment where they can work comfortably and playfully. There are a number of facilities like; gyms, gourmet cafes etc. for the employees (Google, 2011). One of the main reasons behind the success of the organization is its belief in its employees. Apart from working for the organization, each employee is allowed a specific number of hours from the normal work hours to utilize o n their individual projects. In this manner each employee puts his individual input to the innovation of the organization which is appreciated by the personnel at higher levels of the organization. Each employee is free to present his ideas to the higher levels of management. Therefore, it can be said that the culture of an organization plays an important role in the effectiveness of communication that

Discuss whether producing and selling private labels could be a viable Essay

Discuss whether producing and selling private labels could be a viable strategy for manufacturers of branded products - Essay Example There has been a considerable debate in the management literature regarding the fact that whether manufacturing and selling of private brands is a viable marketing strategy or not. This paper tries to present a balanced view regarding the topic by understanding the reasons for each of the stance. The concept of private label branding has often been criticized by researchers as it is essentially copying of the original brand. The research conducted by Kumar and Steenkamp (2007) has shown that the private labels mainly copy the packaging and content of the manufacturer brands that involves minimal research and developmental costs. The research conducted by Mitchell and Kearney (2002) had shown that following the private branding strategy can create a number of legal hassles for the companies because of incidents like trademark infringement, misappropriation of profits of original brand owners. The research conducted by J. Fernie, S. Fernie and Moore (2003) has shown that national brand manufacturers often decides to produce private labels because they can accrue efficiency gain from the process and eventually the manufacturers are able to produce products of superior quality at a lower cost or similar quality products at the same cost of production. The market strategy often t urns viable because the negotiation power of the retailers increase dusring the process. The research conducted by Bergà ¨s-Sennou, Bontems and Rà ©quillart (2004) has shown that national brand manufacturers often consider the strategy of producing the private labels beneficial if they find the concentration of the retail market share favourable. The synthesis of the current literature shows that the viability of production of private label depends on difference between the national brand produced by the manufacturers and the private brands produced by them. Producing private brands by national brand manufacturers will not be a

Business Environment Of British Airways

Business Environment Of British Airways Executive summary: This essay is formed for the purpose of providing British Airways Plc with a strategic plan to apply over the nearing future. British Airways is the UK market leader in the Airline industry. It has faced ever-increasing competition over the past 10 years resulting attrition in their market share. The report commences by analyzing the current internal and external environment of British Airways. Through strategic evaluation we have suggested that BAs focus on their primary service delivery to refurbish their competitive benefit within the industry. This will require applying a grouping of two strategies; a public processes strategy and a strategy focused on technological development. The public processes strategy was a consequence from a number of industry basis demarcating BAs turn down in customer fulfillment. The technological development strategy corresponds with the regeneration of BAs aircrafts and will further improve on the whole consumers satisfaction. Introduction: The main aim of this report is to direct British Airways strategically using the current strategic position of the company and the internal and external environment. After analysing the companys position both externally and internally using appropriate tools, a final design is created giving a set of strategic options to the company. Finally an appropriate strategic option is evaluated and the methods of implementation are discussed. British Airways is the UKs largest intercontinental airline. In addition to scheduled services, BA is affianced in the process of international and domestic carriage of cargo and parcels, and additional services. In association with code share and franchise partners, BA fly to more than 300 destinations, and carried more than 33 million passengers, earning over  £8.7 billion in profits in 2007/08. Employee population in March 2008 was 42,377 people. After being privatised in 1987, BA has been a competitor in the market and has held a place worldwide. In the recent, BA has been named the worlds first airline to take part in a proposal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in 2002 and to allow passengers to print online boarding passes in 2004. Willie Walsh became Chief Executive of BA in 2005. He has focused the company through the completion of Terminal 5 at Heathrow, amongst other new initiatives. In spite of global economic down BAs future as an international business organisation, looks promising. Current Strategy: The company uses 5 strategic goals for the year 2009/10. They are basically to be the first choice airline for the long haul premium customers, to deliver an outstanding customer service at each and every point, to grow their survival in key global cities, to gain a leading position in London, to meet their customer needs and to improve their margins through new revenue streams. Long haul premium customers are considered to be their key to their profitability. They will use their deep understanding of what is required to be their airline of choice to drive the design choices on product, network and service. They will also maintain a strong presence in the cargo economy and short haul segments, which play a critical supporting role. Their customer-facing staff will be passionate about delivering outstanding customer service. They are planning to build through a revolution in the way they lead, train and reward, so that all customers, on all routes and classes, enjoy a premium experience. They will invest both in improvements targeted at premium customers, such as service training, and in those benefiting all customers. They aim to provide the best global connectivity for customers. They will build their presence in the top global cities, either directly or through their expanding network of airline partnerships. Despite the fact that the established global cities such as London and New York remain critical, they will place a special emphasis on developing their position in the global cities of tomorrow. London is the worlds biggest and most competitive international air market. Ensuring Heathrow remains a world-class hub vital enough to give them a strong London base to serve the largest international long haul markets. To support this, they will look to influence government policy decisions, and work with the airport owners on the continued development of the infrastructure. 1. External Analysis: This section indicates the external environment of BA as it is very necessary for an airline industry to remain updated about the external environmental factors. It also highlights the position of the industry, its competitors, and its capabilities to meet the current and future challenges. 1.1 PESTEL Analysis: 1.1.1 Political: Heavy regulation from the UK government has been a major challenge to the company. Hence, it is essential for BA to comply to the rules if the company has to continue operations. Moreover, since the government has increased security due to past terrorist threats, sufficient security measures should be in position to ensure consumers self-belief and competitive advantage should be maintained. 1.1.2 Economical: Due to global economic crisis, world growth is projected to just over 2 percent in 2009. The value of Pound has begun to slide especially against the Euro. Possible reduction in the amount of business travel as companies are cutting costs and using alternative means of communication such as teleconferencing. Hence BA is vulnerable as an UK operating airline to a poor exchange rate. Oil prices have been declining by 50 % since their peak retreating to 2007 levels. Decline in fuel price will obviously strengthening of the dollar changeability in oil prices and exchange rates will directly affect BAs cost base. UKs consumer spending had its sharpest decline for 13 years between July and September 2008. Hence there is an expectancy of more intense competition in the near future. 1.1.3 Social: According to the national statistics online, The UK has an aging population since the past decades. Potential opportunities may arise, as older generations have more time to spend on leisure activities such as international travel. At the same time the increase unemployment may also led to increase in the bargaining power as an employer 1.1.4 Technological: A recent survey discovered that 34% of online clients plan to use price comparison sites more in 2009. This clearly reveals that there is an increase in consumer awareness and therefore bargaining power of the same may also increase. Online booking services and check-in is becoming popular in the airline industry. Hence BA must ensure that they stay up to date with these technological progress at the same time as avoiding becoming overly reliant, as this may separate certain consumer markets (i.e. the elderly) who dont feel contented using such technology. 1.1.5 Environmental/Ethical: New legislation is being implemented every year. Due to tighter environmental rule the operational costs may increase each year for the company. Hence, BA should be aware of both Noise pollution controls, and energy consumption controls. Due to limited land and for growing airports expansion is difficult. Further expansion at Heathrow is difficult as it may affect the Londons agricultural area. Due to this the company should concentrate on limited capacity aircraft and effective utilization of capacity. Failure to implement an incorporated environmental strategy could lead to an unfavourable effect on the BAs reputation and income. Cancellations of flights and loss of baggage, such ethical issues could have a negative effect on reputation if left unsettled 1.1.6 Legal: Limitations on mergers will have an impact on BAs proposed alliance with American Airlines. Recognition of trade unions and industrial action e.g. Cabin Crew strikes are necessary if the company has to withstand in the global market. Good employee relations are essential if BA wants to avoid industrial action and interrupted operations. Open Skies Agreement is a colossal opportunity for BA and its competitors to freely transport aircraft between the EU and US. 1.2 Porters Five Forces: It is imperative to analyze the competitive nature of the airline industry to measure the position of BA. The Five Forces tool will be facilitate BA to make strategic decisions in order to increase the effectiveness. 1.2.1 Competitive rivalry: BA provides frills for both long haul and short haul flights. Within long haul there is a little isolation between the BA and their other competitors, in terms of price and service contribution. The short haul market is more uneven with many small competitors. Strengthening of competitors has increased the competition. Direct competitive rivalry is severe, e.g. Virgin Atlantic has a website opposing the proposed strategic coalition of BA and AA. Hence it is found that BA does not suffer in its sector due to its competitors. 1.2.2 Power of Suppliers: BA is benefited by a high bargaining power since there are two aircraft manufacturers. The sole supplier of fuel to the airport is being permanently stopped by the company. The existing users get the top priority in landing slots according to their historic rights. Trade unions help BAs employees by providing them collective bargaining, in order to increase their bargaining power. Hence the power of suppliers does not affect the BAs efficiency in the means of its suppliers. 1.2.3 Power of Buyers: The company is found to be more concentrated on its suppliers than the buyers. This is because they have a very little bargaining power. Enhanced usage of internet has enlarged the awareness and interface between the customers. 1.2.4 Threat of New Entrants: High environment regularity requirements and high capital cost requirements are the new main barriers to the company. The failure of new airline companies such as XL and Zoom is likely to discourage new entrants 1.2.5 Threat of Substitutes: There are a few direct substitutes for short haul flights such as euro star and ferries. No notable substitutes can be found for long haul flights. 2. Internal Analysis: It is now important to analyse the internal environment in order to create the suitable strategies. 2.1 Resources and Core Competences: It is derived that a companys competitive advantage and superior performance is calculated from its independent capabilities. The resource based view emphasizing BAs resources and competencies is summarized below. 2.1.1 Resources: The company runs 245 aircrafts covering over 550 destinations. Additional services such as BA Holidays The London Eye Company, has been a fruitful resources for the company. The company is well equipped with an International Customer Database which helps them to keep track on the latest customer information. Partnerships Alliances with one world including American Airlines, increase the companys wealth against the resources. Sole access to LHRs Terminal 5 is a huge boon to the companys brand image. BA is renowned globally as a reputable brand, resistant by its long-lasting survival within the Industry 2.1.2 Competences: The company has its own training of ground school, flight simulators, and cabin safety training which holds the favourable part in its core competences. The company holds the capability to fly and handle passengers safely on different routes (Open Skies). Their subsidiarys aircraft never have more than 64 passengers per flight, with one flight attendant per twelve customers. They also hold the name as the first UK airline known as a training centre by the City Guilds, educating all cabin crew with NVQ Level 2. 2.2 SWOT Analysis: 2.2.1 Strengths British Airways is a well-reputed brand name that has achieved constancy and conviction from its customers. Modern culture enables BA to take full benefit of technological developments such as, online sales, in house check in. BA has a worldwide geographic exposure with excellent communication with strong international coalitions. 2.2.2 Weaknesses BA has however to have recovered from events such as the Iraq war, the 2001 and 2005 terrorist attacks because of its dependence on international air travel. But the hazard still remains. BA continues to have enormous debts. Recent job cuts may have a harmful effect on BA as in the past this frugality effect has resulted in understaffing and industrial exploit in 2004 and 2005. 2.2.3 Opportunities The increase of internet usage worldwide is likely to further expand BAs online customer base Value-added and pioneering flight services such as sleeper services, will attract more customers as customer prospects are heaving. The current UK government hassles Heathrow as a worldwide gateway and proposes a third short runway and sixth terminal be opened by 2020, which will also promote BAs brand image. 2.2.4 Threats Low-cost airlines continue to benefit from strong growth and power in the market and new entrants and the probability of them being issued with long-haul licenses could create a further hazard to BAs market share. The continuing increase and variation in fuel prices may threaten them with regards to not attaining a profit margin of at least 10%. Customers are still vigilant of the threat of repeated terrorist attacks. With the increase of rivalry in the low-cost airline market, more companies may focus their strategy on high eminence and hence increase the direct opposition for BA. 3. Analysis of Strategic Options: Based on the scrutiny performed the five most viable strategic options will now be measured further in terms of aptness, adequacy and viability 3.1 Strategic Option 1 Development to People procedures: The study highlighted the most recent negative attention both internally and externally. The Resource Based View and SWOT are identified as BAs public condemnation for poor customer service and impediment management and disapprovals following a number of unhelpfully handled employment associated cases. A people progression strategy may reconstruct brand image and stakeholders self-assurance. 3.1.1 Aptness: Looking at the current economic environment, unemployment is increasing. Therefore, the hazard of industrial action and acquiescence are less possible at this time. BAs current strategies are to stimulate, employ, support and develop employees, together with recuperating baggage handling and delay management. Enhancement in internet usage, with more consumers and self-governing services reconsidering and contributing feedback. Better customer relations may improve such systems. 3.1.2 Adequacy Staffs and consumers are expected to invest high interest into the growth of their relations with the organization due to the negative past experiences. Skytrax emphasizes that customer relations is an important measure for consumers when selecting airlines, increasing the prospective of high profits. 3.1.3 Viability The Resource Based View shows an global consumer database. Admittance to such information could help BA in market research and customer relationship development based on conclusion. The industry and organization is highly combined, and are likely to increase support from this exterior body when strategically increasing employee relations. 3.2 Strategic Option 2 Enhanced Environmental Position. As recognized within the PESTEL analysis, environmental concerns are becoming increasingly important. An involuntary strategy as a result could be suitable to construct an improved environmental place and go beyond the requirements of parameters such as the climate change. 3.2.1 APTNESS BA profits from a resonance brand image which would be further imposed by this strategy. This would make sure that BA remains a strong global contender by making sure they are meeting changes in socio-economic actions. Customers are becoming more environmental responsive and this strategy would at least make certain that BAs market share is not negotiated if competitors go in a parallel direction. 3.2.2 ADEQUACY Changes in customer choices point out a sharp anxiety for the environment. Therefore this strategy is short risk, especially when attached with a low scale of uncertainty. In addition, this strategy will make sure that BA is recognizing and meeting customer demands. As the necessities of environmental rules are repeatedly increasing, it would be valuable for BA to be the first hauler in the industry and make changes prior to any of its competitors. 3.2.3 VIABILITY Assets may be better engaged elsewhere, as spending in environmental strategy may not increase profits. BA must be certain that it will be able to successfully follow such a strategy as if it would not succeed it would be open to public enquiry which could break its current strong brand image. 3.3 Strategic Option 3 Enhanced Technological Position. The technological capabilities of an airline is increasingly disturbing consumer choice of airlines, from both holiday and business fliers. Better development of the in-flight services will improve their overall service, increasing long-standing profits. 3.3.1 APTNESS The in-flight entertainment amenities need to be greatly enhanced and become more consistent. This will guide to a long-term development in the number of passengers. Many of BAs major competitors are beginning to bring in basic internet facilities on selected flights. Therefore it is in its importance to keep up with the rivalry and surpass it by bringing in internet access on all flights. BA is at present on a service of one flight from London City Airport to JFK, New York. BA also needs to contend with other modes of travel, which already have internet capabilities. By applying the strategy, BA can refresh its image even as maintaining conventional principles. 3.3.2 ADEQUACY Wide-range testing has found the internet connection to be consistent, with loss of connection only taking place for a couple of seconds during unfavorable weather conditions. Project accomplishment takes only 3 days per plane. 3.3.3 VIABILITY Possession of the operations is less expensive and more dependable than the Abandoned Connexion service offered by Boeing. BA has a sagging resource in the technology section needed to apply this strategy. BA must implement this technology first time effectively otherwise, it will receive serious denigration and could mess up its long-standing image 4. Conclusions and Recommendations: On the examining the strategic options it has been determined that before growth strategies are followed BA should concentrate on protecting its current market place and attaining elementary service class. Based on this the people progressions and technological development strategies are believed most suitable for performance. British Airways remains vigilantly hopeful about its future prospects. However, it is sure that significantly more work lies further on if the airline is to accomplish their goals. The FSAS plan integrated by BA resulted in substantial cost savings, and also raised funds to repay debts. The objective of the FSAS plan was to achieve a 10% functioning margin and hence more recent cost cuts and job losses have been made by the CEO in order to achieve this. In air travel, the fact of success or failure depends on peripheral factors, with BA suffering badly in the consequences of the 2001 and 2005 terrorist attacks, the war in Iraq and the worldwide economic slowdown. However, the one most important external factor is the cost of fuel. Fuel costs are continuing to rise and this is likely to both corrode income and hoist prices for BA. Rising prices could rest BA in a detrimental position, particularly given the continued fame of low cost airlines. The CEO must understand that the important growth area for BA is likely to be in value-added services. In some parts, BA found that it could improve consumers experience while deducting costs, such as in its rising up of online sales. Other value-added services are likely to see mid-priced flights being improved, as air travel persists to become more competitive. On the whole, BA must continue to endeavour to reduce costs and improve customers and employee fulfilment.

Elizabeth Barrett Browning - Encyclopedia Extract :: essays research papers

Shilstone, F.W.(1996). Browning, Elizabeth Barrett. In World Book Encyclopedia (Volume 2, pp. 655-656). Chicago: World Book, Inc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elizabeth Barrett Browning was one of the best-known poets of her time. The oldest of twelve children in an upper middle-class family, she received no formal education, but a desire for knowledge enabled her to learn eight languages on her own. She began writing poetry as a child, and by the time she reached adulthood she had published four immensely popular volumes of verse. Though a longtime illness made her something of a recluse, Barrett was able to meet many of the leading writers of the day. In 1845, she began to receive letters from the poet Robert Browning, who, after five months of correspondence, paid her a visit. They fell in love, and when Elizabeth’s stern father refused to allow her to spend the winter of 1846 in Italy as her doctors had advised, she and Browning “married secretly'; there (Shilstone, 1996, p.656). In 1849, their son was born, whom they nicknamed Pen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elizabeth Barrett Browning used many different emotions when writing her poetry. In the collection, Sonnets from the Portuguese (1849), Elizabeth let the love for her husband speak. The whole collection is forty-four poems written to Robert Browning. Aurora Leigh (1857) is yet another example of love being prominent in Elizabeth’s writings. Another element in Elizabeth’s writings is statements about faith and her illness/death. In the closing line of her “most famous sonnet'; (p.656) Sonnet 43 Elizabeth says, “and if God choose,/ I shall but love thee better after death.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the 19th century, Elizabeth Barrett Browning helped to revive the sonnet cycle, which is a series of sonnets loosely connected by a common subject or theme.

Describe the challenge faced by John Proctor Essay

Describe a challenge faced by a character in the text. Explain how the character dealt with the challenge.  In ‘The Crucible’ by Arthur Millar, many of the characters faced challenges. One character who was faced with challenge was the protagonist John Proctor. He faced the challenge of trying to keep his reputation intact in the face of a judgemental Puritanical community ruled by superstition and religious intolerance. The fact that he had an illicit affair with a young woman named Abigail was a major obstacle to clearing his ‘good name’ along with the fact that his wife Elizabeth lied under oath in court to try to protect him. John Proctor was faced with the decision between life and death to deal with the challenge of trying to clear this ‘good name’ John Proctor, the protagonist, had the major challenge of trying to deal with his adulterous affair with Abigail, the key anatagonist in the play. Abigail envied John’s current wife Elizabeth and she wanted to take her place. When Abigail had the chance to accuse people of being witches, Elizabeth was her first victim. Proctor however had to ruin his good name in order to accuse Abigail of faking her claims. To do this though was a challenge he faced as he was a man with high morals and didn’t want to ruin his name. A further challenge that John Proctor faced was when his wife Elizabeth was accused of witchcraft and had to testify to clear his name. When his wife Elizabeth was arrested after she was accused by Abigail of being a witch, Proctor knew he could have stopped this trial from continuing. He had the option of telling the court that the trial is a sham because he had an affair with Abigail and that she was out for revenge after Elizabeth kicked her out of the Proctor household and also because Proctor firmly rejected her saying â€Å"I will cut off my hand before I reach for you again†. The problem was if Proctor admitted his affair with Abigail, his reputation will be ruined. Eventually he finally admitted his affair saying â€Å"God help me, I lusted† implying that he regrets having an affair, but it was too little too late as the trials were no longer in his hands and was controlled by the court. The reason why it was difficult for John Proctor to clear his name Religious intolerance was rife in the Puritannical town of Salem and the court system was based on Biblical law. and you were either with or against God and like Danforth said â€Å"you are either with or against the courts†, you can only support one side. It is hard for Proctor to keep his reputation clean because of this reason. When he testified against Abigail, he put his reputation at stake. Eventually he is betrayed by Mary Warren and his final words â€Å" it is a whores vengeance† states that the court is based on myths not facts and Abigail is only doing this for revenge in Proctor’s final attempt to turn the courts. In the end, the final challenge that Proctor faced was whether to live or die to clear his name. When he was declared a witch by the religious court, he had the option of either signing a confession admitting to this or going to the gallows. Initially, he signed the confession but then ripped it up when he realised it would ruin his reputation and he felt guilt over the others who had been falsely accused. after his plea â€Å"give me my name, I have given you my soul† is rejected. At this point Hale the witch-hunter feels guilty about his actions and pleads to Elizabeth to make him confess; all she did was say â€Å" he’ll have his goodness now, god forbid I take it from him† stating that it was his choice and she can’t take it from him.  Therefore, through the circumstances that Proctor had, he dealt with the situations with courage and dignity. He managed to redeem himself from his earlier sins and keeping his reputation clean by choosing to hang rather than living in shame and having nothing to live for. In this way Proctor has ended his life full of pride and having his reputation clean.

The Proud and the Prudish

The Proud and the Prudish The Proud and the Prudish The Proud and the Prudish By Mark Nichol This post discusses two words that because of their disparate meanings are not easily recognized as cognates, as well as a couple of others that are, as a result of disguised spelling, perhaps equally unlikely to be associated. The words detailed here derive ultimately from the Latin verb prodesse, meaning â€Å"useful,† by way of prode (â€Å"advantageous†). The descendant French adjective prud, meaning â€Å"valiant,† was borrowed into English as proud but came to refer not only to esteem of oneself or another but also arrogance. It also pertains to exultation or spirited behavior or to magnificent display. (By extension, it also refers to a raised or swollen prominence, such as when referring to a scar.) The state of feeling proud in the senses of both reasonable and excessive esteem is called pride, and one considered to have too much pride is called prideful and suffers from pridefulness. (In addition, inspired by the regal bearing of lions, a group of these animals is called a pride.) Meanwhile, prowess, meaning sometimes â€Å"bravery† but usually â€Å"skill† (generally in physical feats), derives from prud. Prude, referring to a person of excessive modesty, also stems from prud. In that word’s sense in French of â€Å"brave,† it became part of the compound prudhomme, or â€Å"brave man.† The feminine equivalent, prudefemme, referred to noblewomen, who were expected to demonstrate propriety, but the first element came to pertain to an excess of that quality to the point of priggishness. The quality of being a prude is prudery or prudishness, and such behavior is described as prudish. A related word not easily recognized as such is improve, stemming from prode and meaning â€Å"make better† or â€Å"make good use of.† An act of improving, or something improved, is an improvement, and something that can be improved is improvable. Self-improvement, meanwhile, is an act or process of attempting to improve one’s circumstances in life. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About TalkingYay, Hooray, Woo-hoo and Other Acclamations20 Classic Novels You Can Read in One Sitting

Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Symbolism Paper

In Lord of The Flies, written by William Golding, many examples of symbolism are shown to prove the authors point of â€Å"man is evil.† Symbolism can be anything, a person, place or thing, used to portray something beyond itself. It is used to represent or foreshadow the conclusion of the story, and Golding shows this in the novel. From the very beginning of the story, the boys inwardly strip themselves of the civilized world. This is shown when the boys take off their clothes and school sweaters. Their hair becomes long and entangled with small sticks. Ralph is one of the older boys on the island and is the leader throughout part of the story. He is a pure, English man. He has fair hair and still wears his school sweater, which symbolizes many things. By keeping his sweater on, it symbolizes the want to keep a decent civilization and the want to get off the island. Jack is also one of the older boys. Unlike Ralph who stands for common sense and a desire for normal civilized life, all Jack cares about is hunting. After all the hunting Jack does he becomes more and more savage and a killer. He eventually leaves the main group and starts his own tribe. Jack has everyone with painted faces and long hair, which symbolizes savage and uncivilized behavior or evilness. Piggy is the main target for mockery and is a fat and ugly boy. Piggy watches over the signal fire closely and for secure shelters on the island. This symbolizes the want to get off the island and while waiting to be saved, to have a civilized and safe environment. With the facts giving, there are many different types of symbolism used in this novel.... Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Symbolism Paper Free Essays on Lord Of The Flies Symbolism Paper In Lord of The Flies, written by William Golding, many examples of symbolism are shown to prove the authors point of â€Å"man is evil.† Symbolism can be anything, a person, place or thing, used to portray something beyond itself. It is used to represent or foreshadow the conclusion of the story, and Golding shows this in the novel. From the very beginning of the story, the boys inwardly strip themselves of the civilized world. This is shown when the boys take off their clothes and school sweaters. Their hair becomes long and entangled with small sticks. Ralph is one of the older boys on the island and is the leader throughout part of the story. He is a pure, English man. He has fair hair and still wears his school sweater, which symbolizes many things. By keeping his sweater on, it symbolizes the want to keep a decent civilization and the want to get off the island. Jack is also one of the older boys. Unlike Ralph who stands for common sense and a desire for normal civilized life, all Jack cares about is hunting. After all the hunting Jack does he becomes more and more savage and a killer. He eventually leaves the main group and starts his own tribe. Jack has everyone with painted faces and long hair, which symbolizes savage and uncivilized behavior or evilness. Piggy is the main target for mockery and is a fat and ugly boy. Piggy watches over the signal fire closely and for secure shelters on the island. This symbolizes the want to get off the island and while waiting to be saved, to have a civilized and safe environment. With the facts giving, there are many different types of symbolism used in this novel....

Discussion#4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion#4 - Essay Example ty as a human being that prompts Bonaparte to remark â€Å"and I was somehow very small and very lost and lonely like a child astray in the snow.   And anything that happened to me afterwards, I never felt the same about it again† (OConnor 1163). As opposed to this, in the story of â€Å"Another way to die† an innocent bystander – a veterinarian – examines a soldier to check whether he is dead, when all of a sudden the almost-corpse grabs him with a death grip and topples him into a pit containing eight dead men. This cold clasp of death is the spur that makes the veterinarian think, â€Å"I’ll never get rid of this coldness again†. This quote is prompted by the veterinarian’s unwitting close brush with death, which leaves him uneasy from its clammy grip, while the changed feelings in Bonaparte arise from natural inner shame at his act of killing a man who had become a friend. The context of the two statements is therefore quite different and does not support a conclusion that both of them are similar people. Bonaparte is a soldier fighting a war, the veterinarian is a doctor who is involved only peripherally in the war. Bonaparte has taken action and killed a soldier friend, the veterinarian did not kill anyone, he was a doctor who was checking the pulse of a dead man. While Bonaparte as a soldier was involved in the business of taking lives, the veterinarian as a doctor was involved in the business of saving lives. Bonaparte killed his good friend even in a different setting – a remote boarding house. The veterinarian is also located in a zoo setting rather than directly on the battle field but he is close to the war because he soldiers move through the area each day, yet even in this war setting, he is saved by the very same lieutenant who had just buried four men and ordered the killing of four more. The dissimilarities between the men also arises out of the context within which the two stories are placed, despite the fact that both of them were

A Scandal in Bohemia by Arthur Conan Doyle Essay - 1

A Scandal in Bohemia by Arthur Conan Doyle - Essay Example The narrative discourse is distinct from the story because the events are arranged in a chronological manner. Instead of arranging the information of the story in a manner that makes sense, the author switches the story between the characters or moves the reader through flashbacks and flash-forwards. Although narratives of all genres are ubiquitous in the day-to-day life, Doyle’s narrative does not leverage the aspects that separate narrative from expository discourse. In the narrative discourse, Doyle employs varied approaches that include the solution to the narrative. For example, the dialogue between Watson and Holmes provides a clear understanding of the story. For instance, â€Å"was there a secret marriage?† also reveals the way the Holmes condescends the views of women in the story. One of the approaches employed in the story is the conversational approach, which the author included in the fiction work as the key aspect of the narrative discourse. The second app roach on narrative discourse provides a new genre of literary texts that represent a certain meaning. Doyle also uses suspense in the mystery story that leaves the reader to keep thinking about what happens next in the story. The author creates suspense in the story through explaining the atmosphere of the narrative in order to enable the reader to understand what is around him or her or what the people around the reader are doing. Suspense is used in narratives in order to enable the reader to think or focus on the insight of the story.